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| 1938 |
| | | Left-wingers and Jews suffer immediate persecution in Nazi Austria, now part of Germany | |
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| 1938 November 9 |
| | | Nazi gangs smash the premises of Jews throughout Germany and Austria in a night that becomes known as Kristallnacht, the night of cut glass | |
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| 1939 September |
| | | Nazi murder squads (Einsatzgruppen) kill Poland's elite | |
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| 1939 November |
| | | Adolf Hitler orders the 'mercy killing' of all those with specified categories of infirmity, beginning with newborn babies and young children | |
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| 1941&nbIsp; May |
| | | In preparation for the invasion of Russia, Adolf Hitler and Heinrich Himmler set up Special Task Commandos (Einsatzkommando) to exterminate Communists and Jews | |
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| 1941 July |
| | | The systematic shooting of Russian Jews by German Einsatzgruppen is the first step in the development of the Holocaust | |
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| 1941 July 31 |
| | | Goering orders Reinhard Heydrich to prepare plans for the 'final solution of the Jewish queston' | |
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| 1941 August |
| | | Nazi experiments are carried out on Jews and Soviet prisoners of war to find effective means of murder by gas | |
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| 1941 October 16 |
| | | Adolf Eichmann, in an official letter about policy in relation to the Jews, uses the phrase 'the final solution' | |
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| 1941 December 7 |
| | | In three adapted vans at Chelmno, in western Poland, the Germans begin using poison gas to kill Jews | |
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